RLP 73: PERSI Part 1

Nicole (1s):
This is Research Like a Pro episode 73: PERSI Part 1. Welcome to Research Like a Pro a Genealogy Podcast about taking your research to the next level, hosted by Nicole Dyer and Diana Elder accredited genealogy professional. Diana and Nicole are the mother-daughter team at FamilyLocket.com and the creators of the Amazon bestselling book, Research Like a Pro a Genealogists Guide. I’m Nicole co-host of the podcast join Diana and me as we discuss how to stay organized, make progress in our research and solve difficult cases. Let’s go.

Nicole (45s):
Hi everyone, and welcome to the show. I’m Nicole dire co-host of The Research Like a Pro Genealogy Podcast. I’m here with accredited genealogist, Diana Elder. Hi Diana.

Diana (56s):
Hi, Nicole. How are you doing today?

Nicole (58s):
I’m doing well. I have been working a lot with What Are The Odds tool for finding where a person fits into a known descendency tree using shared centimorgans from DNA matches, and I’ve learned a lot about how to use it. It is a very helpful resource, and I just have been experimenting with adding half relationships because the person I’m trying to identify was probably the result of a relationship or an affair between two people who are married to other people. So that has been interesting to finding those half relationships and then seeing how the probabilities change, because you will only share half as much DNA with a half cousin than you will with a full cousin.

Diana (1m 39s):
Well, I think that half relationships are often something that we forget about and they can really throw off our findings if we don’t think about them. So I think that’s so great that you’re using the, What Are The Odds tool.

Nicole (1m 51s):
Yeah, I’ve just learned that it helps you identify which lines need more testing. So if one looks more probable than you can spend your valuable testing money by focusing in on that more likely line.

Diana (2m 4s):
Great. Well, I’m excited to see how we can continue to use DNA and all these great tools in our research. So fun. Let’s do our listeners spotlight. This is from NS melt tech cop, and they say “great resource for shoring up research skills. I attended an NGS conference last year and discovered that my research over the last 20 years was not up to any standards. When I got home, I wanted to find resources that would help me learn more about how to be a better researcher. And this has been my absolute favorite, Nicole and Diana make disciplined research and critical analysis feel approachable. And I found my skills have developed a lot just from this podcast.

Diana (2m 45s):
I also highly recommend their book and I look forward to taking some of their classes once I feel I can dedicate the time to it. (Working mom with a toddler)in parentheses. Thanks for all you do, Nicole and Diana.” Well, thank you so much for that wonderful review. We love to hear that we’re helping people become better researchers. We have both taught for years, genealogy to others, and so fun to have a platform where we’re reaching many, many more people. So thank you for that. Keep those reviews coming. We love to spotlight our listeners.

Nicole (3m 16s):
That was a good one. Thank you. Well, today we are talking about PERSI and do you know what PERSI is? Well, it’s the Periodical Source Index. And so the abbreviation PERSI (P E R S I) is from the first part of the word periodical, P E R and then source index, S I, so this refers to the periodicals that were indexed by the Allen County Public Library in Fort Wayne that are of use to genealogists. The genealogy center at the Allen County Public Library is an amazing resource. It’s the second largest family history library in the United States.

Nicole (3m 58s):
And they had collected hundreds of periodicals created by genealogy societies and historical societies. And since it was difficult for people to know what was in them back in 1986, they created this subject index that would help researchers find articles that would relate to their research and help them to know what’s already been done on families and help them with local history and understanding just more about the place and the time that they were researching. So now this index includes more than 11,000 genealogical, historical and patriotic periodicals, including magazines, newsletters, journals created by societies from around the U S, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Ireland.

Nicole (4m 45s):
So isn’t that a lot?

Diana (4m 48s):
That’s an amazing amount of information. I know when I first started hearing about PERSI, it sounded so difficult to ever use. And I would think I really want to try that, but I didn’t know how to use it. And I’m excited that now we have got it being indexed and that we’re being able to use Find My Past. So tell us a little bit about that.

Nicole (5m 14s):
Well, so originally the PERSI index was created in books, and so you could access it in print format or microfiche format, but then recently the index has become much more easily accessible through Find My Past and the website Find My Past partnered with the Allen County Public Library in 2013 to publish the index on their website and even better, they are working to include links to the articles as they are digitized and an ongoing project. So previously you had to order the articles and they weren’t online, but now many of the articles have been digitized and many more are planned to be digitized.

Nicole (5m 55s):
So not only can you search the index for these articles and periodicals, but sometimes you can actually see the digitized version right away. So right now there are 2.7 million searchable entries in PERSI. And so each entry describes a family history or local history article that was published from 1850 to the present. And it also describes the libraries that have a copy of that article and periodical. So PERSI is kind of unique and a lot of people do think of it as difficult because it’s not an every name index or full text index, like maybe we’re used to when we’re searching in these online databases, we just go and putting a name or put in the text.

Nicole (6m 38s):
We want to find within the index, but it’s more of a subject index and the subjects are kind of broad. So you don’t really always know what you will find within the article. So it does take a bit of creativity when you’re searching to know what to type in. And so that’s why we wanted to have a podcast about this because I recently gave a presentation about PERSI to a local genealogical society. And I learned a lot, even though I had used PERSI before. And so the way that I search PERSI is much different now that I’ve really done a deep dive into it and we wanted to share some of those tips with you so that it can become a more useful database for you as well.

Diana (7m 17s):
Well, great. I think that’s so fun that you really had to dive in because you were doing a presentation and I love that about teaching genealogy. There’s so many topics. It’s impossible to be an expert on every one of them, but every time you do a class or write a blog post, you learn more and that’s so fun. So let’s dive into PERSI basics. Now searching the index like Nicole said, you have to be a little creative. There are different ways you can search. You can search by the subject, locality, or surname to reveal descriptions of helpful articles. And then you can narrow your results with places and keywords. Now, in my experience, the surname search is not often very helpful because, I don’t know, my people just were not mentioned in these types of articles very often, but I’ve had really good success with learning about the locality and certain subjects.

Diana (8m 14s):
But you might have a surname that you put in there and you get an article on your exact ancestor and how fabulous would that be? So you could start off with your surname, then you could narrow it down to the specific place that they lived and maybe some keywords like an occupation or whatever you can think of that would help to uniquely identify the person you’re looking for. Then you have to choose an article because you’ll get a list and you’ll click on the index transcription, describing the article. You can view some details about that and determine if you want to order a copy of the article, if not digitized. Of course, we’re all excited for the day when we can just click on it and it says digital image click here, and that we can read it right from our computer.

Diana (9m 2s):
And how exciting would that be? You know, we just don’t know what’s around the corner with all the digitization going on, all these things that are going to become even more accessible to us from our homes. So let’s say this is an article, sadly, it’s not digitized. What do you do? Well, then you can order a copy. You can use your library’s interlibrary loan feature, or you can order directly from the Allen County Public Library. They have an order form available for you. And you may also be so lucky as to find a library near you that has copies of the actual periodical, or you could hire a researcher near the Allen County Public Library, which is in Fort Wayne, Indiana to go there and make copies for you.

Diana (9m 42s):
So this is an example of a source, or you would be digging a little bit deeper. We have said many, many times not everything you need to find for your family is online. And this would be a great example of that. You may need to dig deeper. If you’re at the family history library, they have a huge collection of periodicals, and it’s very possible that you would be able to find that article there. And if you’re planning a trip to Utah in the library, you may want to just throughout the year make a list of these different periodicals you would like to check while you’re there, because in one place you could get a lot of them.

Nicole (10m 18s):
That’s a great tip. I like the idea of keeping a running list. And I do that as well with PERSI, because if I have a lot of things I want to order all at once, it’s easier to just go to my inner library loan system and put them all in real quick than to do one at a time, every time I think of it. So that was a good review of the basics of PERSI. You searched the index, you find an article of interest, and then you order a copy. So why would you want to go to the trouble of ordering a copy or trying to access this database? Well, PERSI can help with your research because you can learn about what has been discovered about your ancestors by previous researchers. Often people will submit their research to their local genealogy society to be published.

Nicole (11m 0s):
And now that we have online public trees, maybe you’ve already seen what’s in the periodical, but sometimes you will find that research done a long time ago isn’t in an online tree, it was just published and then forgotten. So you never know, you can also benefit from using PERSI by learning tips for how to research in a specific locality. So a lot of the articles in these periodicals are about how to trace ancestors in a county or a state. And there will be a lot of articles about methodology and tips for researching. And you can narrow down to these types of articles within the PERSI index, by checking a box at the bottom of the Find My Past PERSI search page.

Nicole (11m 41s):
It’s the How To box. So you can eliminate those by clicking the no. And if you leave it open, you’ll see the how to articles. Well, one of my favorite things you can do with the Periodical Source Index, that’s a really big boon to you is finding abstracts and transcriptions of records. Often these will be included in a local genealogy society or local historical society periodical, and it could be a tax list or a church record, voter records, land records, county court records, and more the benefit of using these is that they’ve been transcribed by somebody who maybe is more familiar with the surnames in the area.

Nicole (12m 21s):
So the transcriptions may be better than an online Index at Ancestry, and there could be digitized court book online, but you don’t want to go through every single page reading all of the cursive handwriting. And so a PERSI transcription or abstract of those court records done by a local genealogy society can really give you a jumpstart on what’s available from that court record book. So in all good historical research, the first step is to get an overview of what’s already been published about your topic. And so going to periodicals and specifically these genealogy periodicals available through PERSI is a pretty good first step for genealogy and historical research that you’re doing for your family.

Nicole (13m 9s):
So just remember that these published articles, transcriptions, and abstracts could really help you save some time. Another thing that person can help you do is learn what life was like for your ancestors and the transcriptions of journals, diaries, and letters that you might find could help you see what it was like to live in a time and place. And although the transcriptions of these letters or diaries may not pertain to your ancestor, they could still help you see what it was like to live in Hopkins county, Tennessee in the 1800s or whatever the location may be. And if you’re trying to give some historical context to a family narrative that you’re writing, I think PERSI is a wonderful place to find those records that you need.

Nicole (13m 53s):
And lastly, PERSI can help you to gain a broader understanding of the historical and geographical context of the area that you’re researching. So we talk a lot about the research process and how important it is to do your locality research and PERSI can help you find articles that are very specific about places. If you can find a local genealogy or historical society that published articles about the local history there, those can often be much more helpful than a Wikipedia article or something that you can find easily online. So it helps you go deeper. And some of the things that you might see in one of these local journals would be local history, local parishes in church history, places of immigration and settlement, occupations, and communities, ethnic group history, fraternal and religious groups, and battles and military units.

Nicole (14m 46s):
So if you’ve ever wondered more about any of those subjects, those are the types of things that are often found in periodicals and indexed in PERSI. So those are some great reasons for using PERSI.

Diana (14m 59s):
Well, I used PERSI in a recent research project because I was researching a Swedish man in Worcester, Massachusetts, and I wanted to learn more about the Swedish immigrants there. And I found several articles in PERSI, and they were up at the family history library. So I was able to easily go up and pull those and read those. And it was so interesting because I learned all about the reasons why the Swedes were immigrating to that area and what they were working on. Really, really lent a lot of context to the research problem and gave me so much more to give to the client than I could find online. There just really, wasn’t a lot of information online about this topic, but the articles in PERSI were fabulous.

Diana (15m 44s):
So that was a great experience with using it.

Nicole (15m 48s):
That’s such a good example.

Diana (15m 49s):
Okay. So let’s talk about when to use PERSI in the research process. So longtime listeners, of Research Like a Pro genealogy podcast, know that we’ve got seven steps and there are three of them that are really applicable to using PERSI. The first step is objective. So you have to focus in on what you want to actually do in your project. Second step is to analyze all of your records, everything that’s been known. Then we get to number three, which is location research, and this is a great place to use PERSI. So this is where we learn about all the locations pertinent to our research objective. And we have come up with a few questions as we have analyzed our records.

Diana (16m 34s):
And now we may want to dive more into the localities to learn about how we can answer those questions. So we consult sources that teach us about the local history of that region. And often we can turn to online sources like Wikipedia or local historical society pages, but you may want to find something like I did with the Swedish project in Massachusetts, that is a little bit more specific or is more fleshed out. Some of the online things may not have as much information as you would like. Now, if you’re creating your own locality guide for a region, you could add a section for periodicals that pertain to your locality, and you could include all the journals that you’ve found through searching PERSI for that location.

Diana (17m 22s):
So often a genealogist society will publish a periodical and it’s just for their area, maybe one county or a series of counties around their specific county. It could be, you know, the Northeastern part of the state, or maybe it’s all of the state, or maybe all of it country. There’s so many different ways that things could be divided up for these periodicals. But if you find a good periodical for your location, add that to your locality guide, that’ll be really helpful as you’re some research planning. So the next part of the Research Like a Pro process, where you could use PERSI is in the research planning. This lets you go back and look at your locality guide and find those sources that would really help you to reach your objective.

Diana (18m 7s):
So this is where you’re going to find at least five or six sources that you want to search in a prioritized search. Now, when you’re reviewing the published literature for a county, you may find that there are some PERSI articles that would be very, very helpful for you. Just like Nicole taught about the possibility of a genealogy society transcribing or abstracting the court records, you might find something like that. That would be much more beneficial for you to start your research with than going page by page yourself to the court records. Now the next step would be source citations and then research logs and then writing conclusions.

Diana (18m 47s):
So as you’re working your plan, you will be searching those periodicals and your little course make a source citation for each one. And as we teach, even if you find nothing in that article that pertains to your research question, you will still make a citation so that, you know, you have searched it and that will be in your research log so that you know exactly when and where you have searched on what you’ve searched for. If you have found something, then you’ll want to include that in your written conclusion. And as you write about the sources and the information from the periodical, you will be able to really flesh out your discussion of the subject.

Diana (19m 27s):
You may not have found a birth record or a marriage record. Maybe you just found information about the geography or the history, the customs, the economics of the area. Those are the things that can help us to make so many conclusions about why our ancestors were in the area, what they were doing. It helps make sense of everything that’s happening around them. So you’ll want to consider using PERSI in all parts of the research process. And if it’s a new source to you, then I would suggest maybe just do a little project on one of your ancestors and kind of have your focus, be PERSI, to see what you could find new about them in a periodical that you’ve never found before.

Nicole (20m 11s):
So that was a good discussion of when to use the Periodical Source Index, thank you. I thought it would be fun next to go over all of the subject categories that the Allen County Public Library has used in their indexing of these articles. So I found the list that I’m using on the FamilySearch Wiki, but it’s a list of 22 main subject areas. And knowing these subject areas maybe will help you to get a better idea of what might be available to you in periodicals in PERSI. I don’t know. Maybe I’ll just read through these. Yeah, I think I’ll just share them. And then a little bit about what they mean.

Nicole (20m 53s):
So the first one is biography. So this subject area is for an article that includes more than three main people. And then number two is cemeteries. And this could be listings of cemeteries, history of cemeteries, lot owners, plot maps, and photos. Then number three is census records. This could include federal state or municipal. Number four is church records, histories, records, directories, and photos. Number five is court records, civil criminal licenses, and so forth. Number six is deeds.

Nicole (21m 34s):
And this only includes deeds and not broader land records. And it could include slaves, if there are deeds pertaining to that. Number seven is directories. It could be city county, Atlas directories, business or manufacturing. Number eight is history, narratives on localities, companies, houses, ethnic groups. Number nine is institutions. And this could include orphanages hospitals, poor farms, poor houses, prisons, and photos of those. Number 10 is land records. And this includes anything pertaining to land that is not a deed.

Nicole (22m 19s):
So they kind of separated those out. And then number 11 is maps. So it could be migration trails, county boundary changes, plats, and there are just all kinds of maps. Number 12 is military records, and this could include muster rolls, regimental histories, troop movements, and photos. Number 13 has naturalization records. This could include declarations of intent, petitions, naturalizations. Number 14 is obituaries. This could include the full obituary or just an indexing of them by locality and also death notices.

Nicole (23m 4s):
Number 15 is other records or miscellaneous, and this could include all kinds of things that don’t belong to. Any of the other record types could include archeology, extracted local newspaper items, and photos. Number 16 is passenger lists, and this could be ship histories, travel experiences, and other kinds of lists. Number 17 is probate records. And this could include administrations guardianship’s apprentice documents. Number 18 is school records, attendance, student lists, histories, teams, photos, and number 19 is tax records, personal tax, property tax, income tax, and so forth.

Nicole (23m 48s):
Number 20 is vital records. This could include births, marriages, deaths, coroner, inquests, funeral homes, and so forth. 21 is voter records. This could be lists of voters, elections, election procedures, and 22 is wills. And this could include indexes of wills, abstracts of wills, transcriptions, and can include slaves. So that is separate from the probate records. So there’s two different categories for that. And sometimes in PERSI, you’ll see that an article will be tagged with multiple subject areas. So that is something to keep in mind. So, wow, isn’t that an exhaustive list of all the different types of subjects.

Diana (24m 31s):
That is a really great list. As you were reading through those. I had so many ideas of different types of searches I would love to do on my ancestors. I was really excited hearing about some of those. I think we just really get caught up in the idea that if it’s not on Ancestry or FamilySearch, then we can’t find anything. And just hearing all those different subjects of little places that our ancestors could be listed is amazing. Well, let’s just give everybody an example of what some of these periodicals might be titled as cause they’re all across the board, different kinds of titles. So here’s the some random ones.

Diana (25m 13s):
There’s the Arizona historical review. There’s the central Virginia heritage. There is the Massachusetts genealogical council newsletter. Another one is Methodism in the Tennessee conference. How about the California Mennonite historical society bulletin? Then we have the LeGrange county historical society newsletter, the Wabash valley generations and the Georgia genealogists. So you can see there is just a wide range of different types of titles. Now there are some periodicals in PERSI from Canada, Great Britain, Australia and Ireland.

Diana (25m 53s):
And some examples of these are the Alberta family history society quarterly, the St Lawrence chronicler, Kent family history society journal, railway ancestors information journal, Bedfordshire family history society journal, the Midland ancestor, Macamore miscellany and the Glumogon family history society journal. So I know a lot of researchers who get really frustrated with working in Canada, Great Britain, Australia and Ireland, because they’re not as familiar with their records or some of the records don’t seem to be online. And this might be a really great way for you to dive in and find more information about your area that your ancestor came from, who knows what you might find.

Nicole (26m 39s):
I just want to say that that is only a very small sampling of the types of titles you’ll find in PERSI because there are 11,000 periodicals in PERSI. So that was just like 10 of them.

Diana (26m 52s):
But it kind of gives you a good idea about how there’s, they’re all titled so differently. It’s kind of fun. Now, Nicole, you and I have both researched a lot in Tennessee. So this was an article that I think was really interesting from the Tennessee genealogical society. And the title of it is Davidson county Tennessee tax list of 1805. And that’s pretty cool. And it looks like that you found some information on a Dyer that you were researching. Do you want to tell us about that?

Nicole (27m 22s):
Okay. So I was researching Baldy Dyer. That was his name. And I knew that he lived in Davidson county because when he died, his family collected his pension from his service in the war of 1812. And I could not find any more information about him, but I thought maybe he would be on the tax list. So I searched the Ancestry collection, Tennessee tax lists, and I didn’t find him, but I did find somebody named a Rudy Dyer and he was in Davidson in 1805 and I thought, hmm, maybe that was Baldy. And they just couldn’t read it. So when I looked at the image on Ancestry, sure enough, it was awful. It was so difficult to read the image copy was a poor copy and even zooming in, it was still hard to read.

Nicole (28m 4s):
I couldn’t even read the titles of each column to make sense of the tax record. And so I then thought to myself, I wonder if there’s somebody in Tennessee in a genealogy society who has transcribed this list and done a better job than this indexer. Maybe they could have access to the originals and seen a better image of it. So I looked in PERSI and sure enough, this tax list had been transcribed in the Tennessee genealogical society’s quarterly journal called AndSearch and news. And it was done back in the spring of 1979. And I went to their website and the Tennessee genealogical society has put all of these older journal titles on their website, digitized for anyone to access for free.

Nicole (28m 46s):
And then if you become a member, you can see their recent ones as well. So I just pulled up the spring 1979 PDF file of their journal and scrolled down to the article about the Davidson county Tennessee tax list. And it had been transcribed for Baldy Dyer instead of Rudy Dyer. So wasn’t that great that I could then have the confirmation that it really was Baldy and that somebody looking at the original had transcribed it that way. And I could also understand the record better because it had the column headings and it had everyone’s names typed out so nicely. So I could really see his associates who he lived near, and it just was so much more helpful than looking at that poor image copy on Ancestry.

Diana (29m 30s):
That’s a great example. I know in my SLIG class on Southern research, one of the examples was the teacher had gone into a county court house, I believe in Tennessee and was talking about these enormous tax books. And he said they were in color. And so when they took the image copies of them, they were terrible copies. It just did not translate digitally because they were doing black and white. And so you literally had to go there and look at it in color to be able to read it.

Nicole (29m 58s):
Wow.

Diana (29m 59s):
So I wonder if that was maybe a similar situation like this.

Nicole (30m 1s):
I’m so curious now we have to go to Tennessee.

Diana (30m 7s):
We do. So that is such a great example of something that was online, but it was so difficult to read and that going to the periodical really clarified the information. So let’s just do a couple other examples of titles that you have used. One was called, Letter: Abraham H Dyer, Green County, Tennessee. That sounds like fun. And then there was one called, Some early families of Hawkins county. So I am assuming that those were also important to your research. Did you find things in those that helped you also?

Nicole (30m 39s):
Yes. These were both very interesting. The letter was written by Abraham H Dyer and he was sending it to relatives who still lived in Hawkins county. So that’s why it’s included in the distant crossroads periodical, which is created by the Hawkins county genealogy society. And the letter mentioned a ton of relatives. So I could really just draw out a family tree on paper with all the clues that he used in the letter. And then after I’d had that, I went and searched in Ancestry trees and FamilySearch to figure out who these Dyers were and to see if they related to my research subject. And so far, I haven’t found a connection yet, but it was really interesting to read the letter.

Nicole (31m 19s):
It was a letter written in the 1860s, I believe. So it had a lot of information about the Civil War and happenings at that time. And then the other article, you mentioned, some early families of Hawkins county, Tennessee. That one was amazing. I had no idea what it would be about, but it was about my research subject and his family, John Robert Dyer. And it was submitted by a cousin to my family who I’ve since also connected with through DNA. And it was submitted back in 1985. So it was her research on the family and it had all the children’s names and I already had the same information. So it didn’t give me anything new, but it did give me a connection to that researcher and her address so I could contact.

Diana (32m 1s):
Wow, that’s amazing. So you not only found information about your research subject, but you found another researcher to collaborate with that’s so cool. Well, like I mentioned earlier, I used PERSI when I was doing this project to Massachussets, learning about why Swedes were immigrating to the area. And I did not find my specific research subject in it, but I got a lot of history and information about them wanting to come over and work in the factories there. And they were skilled machinists. And Sweden at the time, I think it was the early 1900s, was in a depression because it was after World War I. And so they were coming to the United States to find work for just a period of time and then going back to Sweden. And it was very, very helpful because if we’re just looking at a person in a census or even in city directories, we have no idea unless we dig into things, why they’re there, what is their motivation for coming to the United States?

Diana (32m 54s):
And so this really helped me to understand why the Swedes I was researching kept going back and forth between the United States and Sweden. They were just coming here to earn money and then going back and then coming back to earn some more money, it, put it all into context and really helped to enlighten the case. So I was very grateful that I had used PERSI in that instance. So for me, I just found it at the family history library, but I think that’s great that you can get these articles down there in Tucson, through your library. So really they should be accessible to just about anyone through one of those avenues, right? Yeah.

Nicole (33m 27s):
Yes. You know, I requested it through interlibrary loan and instead of copying it and sending it through snail mail, the librarian, copied it and uploaded it to email and send it to me by email. So that was a great, very efficient way to receive.

Diana (33m 42s):
Wow. That’s even better because I’m sure you don’t live right next to the library. So that saves you a trip. How wonderful.

Nicole (33m 49s):
Yeah, that’s great. I think that’s a good place to end this episode and we’ll have to do a PERSI Part too, because we have some more information for you about how to search PERSI. And it’s not as easy as you might think. So in our next part about how to search PERSI, we’ll tell you some tips for searching PERSI and the different fields that are available to use in your search and how to obtain the article once you find the transcription of the description of it. So we’ll talk to you guys again soon.

Diana (34m 24s):
All right, everyone, bye. Bye.

Nicole (34m 26s):
Bye. Thank you for listening to Research Like a Pro with Diana Elder, accredited genealogy professional and Nicole Dyer. We hope that something you heard today will help you make progress in your own genealogy research. If you like what you heard, please leave us a review on iTunes or Stitcher or visit our website, FamilyLocket.com to contact us. You can find our book Research Like a Pro a Genealogist’s Guide on Amazon.com and other booksellers. We hope you’ll start now to Research Like a Pro.